Standardised precipitation index reconnaissance drought index streamflow drought index. Comparative analyses of spi and spei as drought assessment. Michael is the vice president of software development for spi and has extensive experience in software development and the timeshare industry. The result of research and work done in 1992 at colorado state university, united states, by mckee et al. Using the spi to identify drought unl institutional repository. Download drought indices calculator drinc software setup, documentation and other resources. Drought analysis using the standardized precipitation index spi. These are climatic proxies widely used for drought quanti. Sabina bokal drought management centre for southeastern.
Therefore, it is essential that users can easily calculate these indices through software. Spi meet the team spi timeshare software solutions for. We developed the mdm meteorological drought monitoring software application for calculating eight rainbased meteorological drought indices, namely. Standardized precipitation index spi drought management. The precipitation data are linked to the selected probability distribution, which is further standardized using the normal distribution with zero mean and standard deviation of one. Like all major natural hazards known to mankind, drought has caused environmental and economic devastation in different regions worldwide. The standardized precipitation index spi was developed for the purpose of defining and monitoring drought 4. Standardized precipitation index spi the standardized precipitation index spi is a drought index based only on precipitation. The spi can be used to monitor conditions on a variety of time scales. The standardized precipitation index spi is a widely accepted index for the quantification of drought. Usda federal drought assistance for information on resources available to help aid in the recovery from this years drought, visit the usda.
He holds a bachelors degree in computer science from florida international university. We developed the mdm meteorological drought monitor software application for calculating eight rainbased meteorological drought indices, namely. This wet or dry condition can be monitored by the spi on a variety of time scales from subseasonal to interannual scales. This software calculates spi standardized precipitation index, di deciles index, pn percent of normal index, rai rainfall anomaly index, edi effective. Drought index computation using standardized precipitation. For detailed explanations, please refer to byun and wilhite 1999. Drinc drought indices calculator software aims at providing a userfriendly interface for calculating drought indices, suitable for meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought analysis. For information on resources available to help aid in the recovery from this years drought, visit the usda. Standardized precipitation index spi spi is a simple index which is calculated from the long term record of precipitation in each location at least 30 years. Today we are going to discuss schedule performance index spi and cost performance index cpi. Kim department of environmental atmospheric sciences, pukyong national university, 5991 daeyondong, namgu, busan 608737 republic of korea abstract.
Therefore, this paper is focused on the assessment of drought occurrence and intensity as well as on its impact on crop yields on the danubian and the east slovakian lowlands with the spatial resolution at district level. In this study, the performances of the effective drought index edi and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12. Comparison of spi and spei applicability for drought impact. Global prediction seasonal subseasonal palmer drought severity indices pdsi crop moisture indices soil moisture percentiles based on nldas standardized runoff index based on nldas integrated drought index based on nldas. Applying the standardized precipitation index as a drought. From spi time series, episodes of severe and extreme droughts are identified at many stations during the study period. The presented paper compares forecast of drought indices based on two different models of artificial neural networks. Assessment and comparison of spi and rdi meteorological. The present situation examines the spi drought index in application for the vallabh vidyanagar station and. The first model is based on feedforward multilayer perceptron, sann, and the second one is the integrated neural network model, hann. The most attractive feature of the framework is that it leads to statistically consistent drought indicators based on different variables. The standardised precipitation index spi is a simple measure of drought and also of very wet conditions and is based solely on the accumulated precipitation for a given time period e. Spi stock quote, history, news and other vital information to help you with your stock trading and investing.
Upon request, foreign companies with a primary listing on six swiss exchange may also be included in the spi, thereby enabling their future. Software drought related software standardized climate indices sci the sci package is a free extension to the r language that efficiently calculates standardized climate indices, including the standardized precipitation index spi, the standardized precipitationevapotranspiration index spei, and the standardized runoff index sri. Barouti et al 2009 used spi index as one of the most common meteorological indices that is used for drought studies and drought analyze based on. Spi value classification cumulative probability % 2. An investigation into the spatial and temporal variability of.
Drought indices spi different time scales reflect the impact of drought on the availability of the different water resources mckee et al. The data will be fitted to normal distribution and be normalized to a. The national drought resilience partnership ndrp comprises seven federal agencies which work collaboratively to support state, tribal, local, and private sector approaches to managing drought risks and impacts. In the drought monitor and prediction dmap software tool v1. Standardized precipitation index spi integrated drought. Mdm is a free tool for calculating meteorological drought indices by input rainfall data in excel format. Overview drinc software drought indices calculator. Standardized precipitation index spi ncar climate data. The application reads in precipitation data and supports different time scales and data types weekly, monthly. Accordingly, the european drought centre and the authors and organizations behind the development of the software accept no liability for any loss or damage whether direct or indirect incurred by any person or organization through the use of the software or methods presented. Spi strategies systematic portfolio investment strategies. However, spi is designed in such a way that it can detect drought over different periods at multiple time scales. The wmo provides standard guidelines and software to calculate the spi wmo, 2012.
It comprises practically all of the six swiss exchangetraded equity securities of companies that are domiciled in switzerland or the principality of liechtenstein. Like variances, indexes also let you analyze the health of the project. Investing in securities products involves risk, including possible loss of principal. Standardized climate indices sci the sci package is a free extension to the r language that efficiently calculates standardized climate indices, including the standardized precipitation index spi, the standardized precipitationevapotranspiration index spei, and the standardized runoff index sri. A software for calculating rainbased drought indices. Forecasting spei and spi drought indices using the. For drought monitoring and the associated characteristics analysis in the given stations, meteorological drought indices of spi and rdi were used. The drought coefficient calculated on basis of the standard precipitation index spi and then characteristics. One unique feature is that the spi can be used to monitor conditions on a variety of time scales. The world meteorological organization wmo has adopted the standardized precipitation index spi to be used by national meteorological and hydrological services worldwide to characterize meteorological droughts hayes et al. Evapotranspiration index spei, both rely on selection of a univariate probability distribution to normalize the index, allowing for comparisons across climates. As the head of engineering, michael focuses on building new products and improving existing products. Standardized precipitation index spi, standardized soil moisture index ssi, standardized runoff index sri.
On the use of standardized precipitation index spi for. Palmer drought severity index pdsi is widely used for defining and assessing the agricultural droughts as well as soil moisture monitoring. Contribute to majenkolibrariessoftspi development by creating an account on github. The program used to calculate spi is easy to use and readily available.
These thresholds are useful in drought response decision making. This temporal flexibility allows the spi to be useful in both shortterm agricultural and longterm hydrological applications. This tool displays maps of probabilistic forecasts of the standardized precipitation index spi, for 3, 6, 9, or 12month accumulation periods for the globe based on monthly precipitation predictions from 6 nmme models and the initial observed condition. Comparing the effective drought index and the standardized. How to calculate drought indices spi, czi, mczi, edi, rai. It is known for its effects as a result of the interplay between reduced precipitation and the demand people place on water supply.
The spi is usually computed by fitting the gamma probability distribution to the observed precipitation data. It is often expressed as a meteorological drought index, and it is used for the assessment of. Jul 23, 2016 drought belongs among the main impact factors considering crop yields. Company profile page for spi llc including stock price, company news, press releases, executives, board members, and contact information. Aug 19, 2016 drought indices standardized precipitation index spi monitoring u. Feb 12, 2018 in this video, i have briefly explained how to characterize historically occurred droughts in a station level using the most commonly used index standard precipitation index spi. The spei is a multiscalar drought index based on climatic data. Computation of the standardized precipitation index spi and.
Drought assessment in iraq using analysis of standardized. The present study investigated the drought in iraq, by using the rainfall data which obtained from 39 meteorological stations for the past 30 years 19802010. Download drinc software drought indices calculator. The rdit software application can perform and run the eight rainbased drought indices in a userfriendly tool. The spei and spi functions allow computing the spei and the spi indices. The spi is an index normally calculated on the basis of selected. Is there software for calculation of spei drought index that is using monthly input data. Dec 30, 2015 the spi index is based on the evaluation of precipitation data.
Drought scenario assessment using standardized precipitation. Standardized precipitation index spi ncar climate data guide. Software in the public interest was incorporated as a nonprofit organization on june 16, 1997 in the state of new york. This study investigated and compared the standardized precipitation index spi,percent normal precipitation indexpnpi and deciles index di indices for drought monitoring in kahurestan. Spi strategies is an active quantitative equity manager that uses technology to deploy systematic portfolios for institutional and retail investors. Drought is a climatic anomaly, characterized by shortage lack of rainfall, high evaporation and unsuitable distribution of rainfall. A software for monitor meteorological drought by 8 indices. Use of spi and rainfall deciles for drought assessment i. The outcome of their work was first presented at the 8th conference on applied climatology, held in january 1993.
Kleist and in 1993, is based only on precipitation. In fact, the spi was recommended through the lincoln declaration on drought as the internationally preferred index for meteorological drought hayes et al. This, it is believed, is a more realistic drought frequency than that used by komuscu, and it corresponds to the employment of. The spi index is based on the evaluation of precipitation data. Drought characterization using standard precipitation index. All of the necessary files are included in the download zip file.
The meteorological season i am considering is winter and therefore the months of decemberjanuaryfebruary. A standalone software has been developed, too, although the code is no longer maintained so the r library is recommended for most users. I am working with spi standardized precipitation index and in particular i am interested in obtaining the seasonal mean observation over a period of 40 years. Spi is used to identify the meteorological drought or deficit of precipitation. They help you analyze the efficiency of schedule performance and cost performance of the project. Download a program which will allow you to calculate spi values from a. The swiss performance index spi is considered switzerlands overall stock market index.
After calculating the spi in the usual way, operational drought thresholds that are based on an objective method are determined at each station. Standardized climate indices sci european drought centre. Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index spei. From the comparison, it is observed that for the year 1985 result obtained for spi shows over estimation of drought index as compared to actual one. The spi is an index based on the probability of precipitation for any time scale.
I am looking for a program that computes nonsliding spi values. Hence drought is only expected 2 years in 10 and extreme drought only 1 year in 20. Index swsi shafer and dezman, 1982 and standardized precipitation index spi mckee et al. Manual for this software is a bit confusing especially for somebody. Please use the following link to download the spi program. Meteorological drought indices are useful tools for indicating the number of amount of drought changes in different time scale. It is an alternative to the more complicated physically based palmer severe drought index psdi which uses a simple water balance model. The reason for higher estimation of drought particularly in 1972, 1974, 1987 and 1990 is the index. The reason for showing over estimates is because of low precipitation occurred in these years.
Is there software for calculation of spei drought index. On short timescales, the spi is closely related to soil moisture, while at longer timescales, the spi can be related to groundwater and reservoir storage. I have done so, but the data type is new to me and the function spi is new to me i have read how to handle it using r but i have some few questions to ask like why it is always spei on the y axis not spi mms jul 20 at 4. Standardized precipitation index spi the spi is used for estimating wet or dry condition based on precipitation variable. The analyzed drought indices are the standardized precipitation index spi and the standardized precipitation evaporation index spei and were. Use of spi and rainfall deciles for drought assessment. This article has a free software for calculating 8 drought indices. St invest is a wholly owned subsidiary of stocktwits, inc. Both functions are identical in fact, spi is just a wrapper for spei, but they are kept separated for clarity. Drought characterization using standard precipitation index spi.
The national drought resilience partnership ndrp comprises seven federal agencies which work collaboratively to support state, tribal, local, and private sector approaches to. The spi specifically addresses the intensity of meteorological drought, or. The standardized precipitation index spi is a probability ie. Drought indices are quantitative measures that identify the extent of drought by incorporating several variables into a single numerical value.
Forecasting spei and spi drought indices using the integrated. The standardized precipitation index spi, developed by t. Drought indices were used for calculating the meteorological spi on an. Many drought planners appreciate the spis versatility. Is there software for calculation of spei drought index that. Basically, the functions standardize a variable following a loglogistic or gamma, or pearsoniii distribution function. I have done so, but the data type is new to me and the function spi is new to me i have read how to handle it using r but i have some few questions to ask like why it. Several drought indices have already been used in portugal, particularly in recent studies applied to the alentejo region. Drinc drought indices calculator is a software package which was developed for providing a simple, though adaptable interface for the calculation of drought.
In 1999, the internal revenue service of the united states government determined that under section 501 a of the internal revenue code spi qualifies for 501 c 3 nonprofit organization status under section 509 a 1. Between the years 1990 and 2001, drought has reportedly occurred for about 782 times worldwide costing 16,800,000,000 us. Comparisons among drought indices show the appropriateness of using the standardized precipitation index spi to characterize droughts in alentejo paulo et al. This blog post is the fourth blog post in a series of seven on earned value management and project forecasting. Ndmc provides a program for use on personal computers that has been. The spi generator application serves to generate spi standard precipitation index data and illustrate how to interact with the spi dll dynamically linked library. Comparabilityanalyses of the spi and rdimeteorological. The following drought indices are currently included in drinc.
What is specific name of the software for calculating spi and what data we use as an inpur. The cdi, a ms excelbased software, developed by fao swalim balint et al. Yield data were the main limitation of the study, which resulted in the limited length of the assessed. Drought indices are commonly used for detection, monitoring and evaluation of drought events. Spi software is the preferred partner for timeshare, vacation ownership clubs and resorts. Candidate distributions for climatological drought indices. Sdat can be used to generate nonparametric standardized drought indicators such as. It is the only index that was specifically designed to calculate daily drought severity. Spibased drought category prediction using loglinear models. Spi llc company profile and news bloomberg markets.
Can anyone recommend a standard precipitation index spi. There are many papers and thesis available which have. Spei, the standardised precipitationevapotranspiration index. The spi, arguably a more popular drought index, is based solely on precipitation, and measures how much precipitation for a given period of time has deviated from historically established norms. Monitoring drought by reconnaissance drought index rdi. During this stage, precipitation data and parameters of potential evapotranspiration, that needed by the penmanmonteith method were implemented for the period of 19672005. The standardized precipitation index spi is a widely used index to characterize meteorological drought on a range of timescales. An enhanced effective reconnaissance drought index for the characterisation of agricultural drought. Spi global delivers an effective data intelligence experience with software and service that can improve workflow, engagement, and overall content design. Spi 3 to spi 12 when spi is computed for medium accumulation periods e.
The spi can be computed for different time scales can provide early warning of drought and help assess drought severity less complex than the. Through the use of our proprietary platform, elroi research analytics, we model active and alternative strategies through the blending of fundamental, technical and quantitative factors to. On the use of standardized precipitation index spi for drought intensity assessment m. One of the most commonly used drought indices is the standardized precipitation index spi. The edi is a good index for operational monitoring of both meteorological and agricultural drought situations because calculations are updated daily. Use of the standardized precipitation index spi and a. The spi generator application serves to generate spi standard precipitation index data. Spi software was founded in 1978 in miami, florida to address the specific software needs of the vacation ownership or timeshare industry. These are climatic proxies widely used for drought quantification and monitoring. When spi is computed for longer accumulation periods e. Comparing the effective drought index and the standardized precipitation index h. Precipitationbased drought indices including the spi rely on two assumptions. Comparison the suitability of spi, pni and di drought. The standardized precipitation index spi is widely used as drought meteorological index, to identify the duration andor severity of a drought.
74 708 583 70 752 573 975 1437 333 175 631 86 1527 12 1243 951 362 859 667 1498 981 572 1019 335 548 508 242 1189 581 1158 476 688 1098 1335 795 883 1453 390 774 384